Ecotourism is a sustainable form of tourism that focuses on conserving the environment, supporting local communities, and providing educational experiences for travelers. Unlike mass tourism, which often harms natural habitats, ecotourism emphasizes minimal impact on ecosystems while promoting cultural respect and awareness. It encourages travelers to appreciate nature responsibly and contributes to the preservation of biodiversity.
For example, Kaziranga National Park in Assam attracts visitors eager to see the one-horned rhinoceros while generating revenue for conservation efforts and local employment. Similarly, Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala offers eco-friendly activities like bamboo rafting and guided nature walks, where tourists learn about forest ecology and community-led conservation. Internationally, Costa Rica has become a model for ecotourism, with its cloud forests and sustainable lodges that reinvest in reforestation and local livelihoods.
Ecotourism also promotes cultural sensitivity. In Ladakh, homestay tourism allows visitors to experience traditional lifestyles while directly supporting families. Such initiatives reduce pressure on urban centers and help preserve indigenous traditions.
Overall, ecotourism not only protects fragile ecosystems but also empowers local people economically and socially. If practiced responsibly, it can balance human curiosity with environmental sustainability, making travel both enriching and ethical.
